2017年12月英语四级高频词汇详解(四)
1. render vt. ['rendə] 提供, 表现, 使成为, 宣布, 翻译, 回报, 给予补偿n. 粉刷, 打底, 交纳
render into 译成
例句:We are going to render them economic assistance.
我们打算向他们提供经济援助。
例句:The power of the ocean was beautifully rendered in the poem.
这首诗将大海的力量表现得非常完美。
例句:The jury has rendered its verdict.
陪审团已经作出了裁决。
例句:He is the man who always renders good for evil.
他一直是个以德报怨的人。
2. precaution n. [prɪ'kɔːʃ(ə)n] 预防,防备,警惕
safety precaution 安全措施 sanitary precaution 卫生预防 by way of precaution 为小心起见
例句:You should take an umbrella just as a precaution.
你该带把伞,有备无患。
3. idle a. ['aɪd(ə)l]懒散的,无所事事的
例句:A group of idle urchins had taken possession of the door-steps.
门前台阶已为一群没事做的玩童所霸占。
例句:To be idle sometimes is agreeable, but to be idle all the time might become monotonous.
一段时间空闲是令人愉快的,整日无所事事可能就单调乏味了。
4. identify vt. [aɪ'dentɪfaɪ] 认出,鉴定
例句:Please identify the registered trademark.
请认明注册商标。
例句:The test can identify the presence of abnormalities in the unborn child.
这项化验能鉴定胎儿是否有不正常现象。
5. poverty n. ['pɒvətɪ] 贫穷
例句:Beware of the poverty gap trap.
小心贫富差距的陷阱。
6. resistant a. (to) [rɪ'zɪstənt] 抵抗的,抗...的,耐...的
例句:A healthy diet creates a body resistant to disease.
保健饮食有助于增强体内对疾病的抵抗力。
7. resolve vt. [rɪ'zɒlv] 解决;决定,决意
例句:Intensive efforts are being made to resolve the dispute.
现正全力以赴来解决这场纠纷。
例句:He resolved that nothing should hold him back.
他下决心不让任何事情阻挡他。
8. barrel n. ['bær(ə)l] 桶
例句:Beer swilled around the bottom of the barrel.
啤酒在桶底晃荡。
9. bargain n. [ˈbɑːɡən]便宜货 vi. 讨价还价
例句:Apples were on sale and the people snapped up the bargain.
苹果在大减价,人们争着购买。
例句:The salesman refused to bargain over the price.
推销员拒绝讨价还价。
10. coarse a. [kɔːs] 粗的,粗糙的,粗劣的
词义辨析:coarse, rough, harsh, rude, crude
coarse: 指某物质地低劣或编织、加工等不精细。也指(言谈)粗俗。
rough: 普通用词,指某物表面凹凸不平,天气恶劣,(态度)粗暴,(计算)粗略。
harsh: 指外表、性质、声音的粗糙、刺耳、刺目,强调使人不愉快感。
rude: 指加工粗糙、不精细。尤指行为举止粗鲁无礼,缺乏修养。
crude: 主要指未经加工处理尚处于自然状态的物质;食物或水果的不熟。
例句:Homespun is a cloth of coarse weave.
土布是一种织得粗糙的布。
11. coach n.[kəʊtʃ] 教练;长途公共汽车
例句:The coach is bringing on some girls in the reserve team.
教练正教导预备队的女孩们练球。
例句:The coach was full, so a relief was put on.
长途汽车已满员,所以增开了一辆。
12. code n. [kəʊd] 准则,法规,密码
例句:Managers are expected to comply with the company's code of conduct.
希望经理能够遵守公司的行为准则。
例句:The Highway Code has been carried.
公路法规已经被执行。
例句:Deciphering the first code is the most difficult step.
破译第一个密码是最困难的一步。
13. coil n. [kɒɪl] 线圈 v. 卷,盘绕
例句:The birds are entangled in the coil of a net.
鸟被缠在网圈里了。
例句:The snake coiled itself around the tree.
蛇盘绕在树上。
14. adult n. ['ædʌlt; ə'dʌlt] 成年人
词义辨析:adult, grown-up, mature
adult: 一般指生理上的童年期已结束,达到法定年龄。
grown-up: 多用于口语,含义与adult基本相同,但更侧重脱离儿童阶段,已成大人,与childish意思相反。
mature: 用于生物时,指完全长好了。用于人时,指达到了生命的黄金时期,但所暗示的青少年和成年之间的界限不明显。
例句:These films are suitable for adults only.
这些电影只适宜成人观看。
15. advertise v. ['ædvətaɪz]为...做广告
advertise for 用广告征求
例句:It was time to advertise our cause instead of our cars.
当时的当务之急是我们的事业可不是为我们的汽车进行广告宣传。
16. advertisement n. [əd'vɜːtɪzm(ə)nt; -tɪs-] 广告
advertisement matter 广告邮件 advertisement tax 广告税
例句:A lot of people replied to our advertisement.
有许多人对我们的广告作出了反应。
17. agency n. ['eɪdʒ(ə)nsɪ] 代理商,经销商
Do you mean to say that if we entrust you with the agency, you will sell$1,000, 000 each year?
你的意思是说如果我们指定你们为代理,你将每年销售100万美元?
例句:I work in a tourist agency.
我在一家旅行社工作。
18. focus v.['fəʊkəs] (使)聚集 n. 焦点,中心,聚焦
例句:He focused the sun's rays on the paper with a burning glass.
他用取火镜使太阳光聚集在纸上。
例句:He always wants to be the focus of attention.
他总想成为注意力的焦点。
19. forbid vt. [fə'bɪd] 不许,禁止
例句:Smoking is forbidden in this office.
这间办公室禁止吸烟。
20. debate n. /v.[dɪ'beɪt] 辩论,争论
词义辨析:debate, argue, quarrel, dispute
debate: 侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩
argue: 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护,着重说理、论证和企图说服
quarrel: 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事,尤指“吵嘴、吵架”
dispute: 侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩,带一定感情色彩,常隐含“各持已见”或“争论不休”意味
例句:After a long debate the bill was passed.
经长时间的辩论,议案获得通过。
21. debt n. [det] 欠债
debt collector 收债人 bad debt 呆账,坏账,死帐 national debt 国债
例句:He promised to pay his debt within a month.
他保证在1个月内偿还债务。
22. decade n. ['dekeɪd; dɪ'keɪd]十年
decade scaling 十进换算
例句:Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.
在过去十年里,物价一直在上涨。
23. enclose vt. [ɪn'kləʊz; en-] 围住;把...装入信封
enclose with 附上,将(某物)装入(信封、包裹等中)
例句:Farmers often enclose their land with hedges.
农夫们常用树篱将他们的地围起来。
例句:I enclose herewith two copies of the contract.
随函寄上合同副本两份。
24. encounter vt. /n.[ɪn'kaʊntə; en-] 遭遇,遭到
词义辨析:meet, encounter, confront, face, contact
meet: 普通用词,本义指双方或多方从不同方向或相反方向作相对运动,最终相碰(遇)。
encounter: 通常指遇到困难或挫折,也指偶然或意外地相遇。
confront: 不可避免地,面对面地相遇,也指敢于正视困难或问题。
face: 侧重双方静止地面对面,或指充满勇气、信心和决心去正视人或事。
contact: 多指通过书信、电话或直接会面和别人联系,口语用词。
例句:If both participate, it may be an actual encounter of bodiless consciousness.
如果是双向的,这会是一个真实的与灵魂的相见。
例句:I encountered an old friend at Rome.
我在罗马邂逅了一个老朋友。
25. globe n. [gləʊb] 地球,世界;地球仪
例句:Magellan was the first person to circumnavigate the globe.
麦哲伦是第一个环球航行的人。
26. global a. ['gləʊb(ə)l] 全球的;总的
global village 地球村,世界村 global warming 全球气候变暖
例句:The green campaign is a global phenomenon.
绿色运动是全球性的现象。
27. scan vt. [skæn]细看;扫描;浏览
例句:I scanned my pocket for change.
我仔细查看囗袋找零钱。
例句:The doctors gave him an ultrasonic brain scan.
医生给他做了脑部超声波扫描检查。
例句:I'm too busy to read the whole newspaper, I just scan the headline.
我太忙了,没法看整份报纸,只是浏览了一下大标题。
28. scandal n. ['skænd(ə)l]丑事,丑闻
例句:A crime or scandal brings much notoriety to those involved in it.
罪行或丑闻常使有牵连的人声名狼藉。
29. significance n. [sɪg'nɪfɪk(ə)ns]意义;重要性
例句:He puzzled out the significance of the statement.
他解释了这一论断的意义。
例句:In modern anthropology, animism as a theory has little significance, other than historical.
在现代人类学中,泛灵论作为理论来说,除具有历史意义外,已没有多大意义。
30. subsequent a. ['sʌbsɪkw(ə)nt] 随后的,后来的
subsequent to 在... 之后, 随后
例句:The chairman will be pleased to discuss the matter with you subsequent to lunch.
主席很高兴能与你在吃过午餐之后讨论这个事件。
例句:Subsequent events proved me wrong.
後来发生的事证明我错了。
31. virtue n. ['vɜːtjuː; -tʃuː] 美德,优点
例句:Fidelity to engagement is a virtue.
信守诺言是一种美德。
例句:Meekness is a virtue he appreciates in his wife.
温顺是他所欣赏的妻子的优点之一。
32. virtual a. [ˈvɜ:tʃuəl] 实际上的,事实上的
例句:A virtual state of war exists between the two countries.
这两国间实际上处于战争状态。
33. orient vt. ['ɔːrɪənt; 'ɒr-] 使适应,(to, toward)使朝向 n. 东方
例句:I need some time to orient my thinking.
我需要一些时间来使我的思想适应。
例句:They love paintings from the Orient.
他们喜欢来自东方的绘画。
34. moisture n.['mɒɪstʃə] 潮湿
例句:The plants absorb moisture from the soil.
植物从土壤中吸取水分。
35. promote vt. [prə'məʊt] 促进;提升
例句:They discussed how to promote cooperation between the two countries.
他们讨论如何促进两国间的合作。
例句:He has been promoted to general manager.
他已被提升为总经理。
36. region n. ['riːdʒ(ə)n]地区;范围;幅度
例句:I guess there are much less people in the Arctic regions than here.
我想北极地区的人要比这里的少得多。
例句:The region near the erupting volcano was evacuated rapidly.
火山爆发处附近已迅速撤空。
37. register v./n. ['redʒɪstə] 登记,注册
例句:You must register as a member first.
你必须先注册成为会员。
例句:No register of his death was found.
没有查到他的死亡记录。
38. stable a. ['steɪb(ə)l]稳定的
例句:Markets are flourishing and prices are stable.
市场繁荣, 物价稳定。
39. sophisticated a. [sə'fɪstɪkeɪtɪd] 老于世故的,老练的;很复杂的
例句:She is such a sophisticated woman that she saw through his trick at the first sight.
她是个十分老练的女人,她一眼就看穿了他的把戏。
例句:The publisher's techniques for the promotion of his books have become increasingly sophisticated since the 1950s.
自20世纪50年代以来,出版商推销书籍的方式愈加复杂。
40. splendid a. ['splendɪd] 极好的,壮丽的,辉煌的
例句:My kid sister has a splendid memory.
我小妹记忆力极好。
例句:The royal couple appeared in splendid array.
王室伉俪身穿盛装出现。
例句:We won another splendid victory.
我们又赢得了辉煌的胜利。