2017年12月英语四级高频词汇详解(五)

2017-07-27 11:40:35 · 作者:编辑部  
1 cancel vt [& 39;kæns(ə)l] 取消,废除  例句:The match had to be cancelled due to the bad weather   比

  1. cancel vt. ['kæns(ə)l] 取消,废除

  例句:The match had to be cancelled due to the bad weather.

  比赛因天气不好只得取消。

  例句:I've lost my credit card, so I have to go to the bank to cancel it.

  我的信用卡弄丢了,我得去银行申请作废。

  2. variable a. ['veərɪəb(ə)l]易变的,可变的

  例句:Prices are variable according to the rate of exchange.

  物价会随汇率而变动。

  例句:His mood is as variable as the weather.

  他的情绪如天气般反覆无常。

  3. prospect n. ['prɒspekt]前景,前途;景象

  例句:He has good prospects.

  他大有前途。

  例句:What do you think about the marketing prospect?

  你觉得市场前景怎么样?

  例句:The prospect from the balcony was breathtaking.

  从阳台上看去景色美极了。

  4. prosperity n. [prɒ'sperɪtɪ] 兴旺,繁荣

  例句:The empire was on the wane after its period of prosperity.

  帝国经过全盛以后逐渐衰落。

  例句:Prosperity destroys fools and endangers the wise.

  繁荣兴旺既毁了蠢人,也使智者陷于险境。

  5. aspect n. ['æspekt] 方面;朝向;面貌

  例句:This is only one aspect of the problem.

  这只是问题的一个方面。

  例句:The building has a southern aspect.

  那座建筑是朝南的。

  例句:His brother is a man with a serious aspect.

  他的兄弟是一个外貌严肃的人。

  6. cope vi. [kəʊp] (with)(成功地)应付,处理

  例句:I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.

  既要照顾家庭又要全天工作,我不知道她是如何对付的。

  7. core n. [kɔː] 果心,核心

  例句:He ate the plum, and threw the core away.

  他吃掉了李子,并扔掉了果核。

  例句:The core of our appeal is freedom of speech.

  我们的要求的核心是言论自由。

  8. maintain vt.[meɪn'teɪn; mən'teɪn] 维持,保持;坚持,主张

  例句:It is absolutely vital that food supplies should be maintained.

  维持食物的供给是绝对必要的。

  例句:It is clearly illogical to maintain such a proposition.

  坚持这种主张显然是没有道理的。

  例句:He maintains that there are no short cuts to effective management.

  他断言,有效的管理没有捷径可走。

  9. mainland n. ['meɪnlənd; -lænd]大陆, 本土

  例句:The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.

  岛上有座桥与大陆相连。

  例句:Hawaii and Alaska are not on the mainland of the United States.

  夏威夷和阿拉斯加不在美国本土。

  10. discipline n. ['dɪsɪplɪn] 纪律;惩罚;学科

  例句:She is strict in the matter of discipline.

  她对纪律的要求是严格的。

  例句:A little discipline would do him a world of good.

  稍微处分他一下会对他大有好处。

  例句:Applied linguistics is a new and independent discipline.

  应用语言学是一门新兴的独立学科。

  11. domestic a. [də'mestɪk] 本国的,国内的;家用的;家庭的

  例句:Washington responded by freezing the price of domestic oil.

  华盛顿做出的反应是冻结国内的石油价格。

  例句:My value for domestic tranquility should much exceed theirs.

  我应该远比他们重视家庭的平静生活。

  12. constant a. ['kɒnst(ə)nt] 不变的,恒定的 n. 常数

  例句:In our world nothing seems constant.

  在我们这个世界上似乎没有东西是永恒不变的。

  例句:The speed of light is an important constant.

  光速是一个重要的常数。

  13. cliff n. [klɪf] 悬崖,峭壁

  例句:The sea had undermined the cliff.

  海水侵蚀了悬崖的基部。

  14. authority n.[ɔː'θɒrɪtɪ] 权威;当局

  例句:We see him as an authority on the subject.

  我们把他看作为这方面的权威。

  例句:The new building must be financed by the local authority.

  新大楼的建筑资金必须由地方当局提供。

  15. audio a. ['ɔːdɪəʊ]听觉

  例句:Students is very interested in the audio-visual instruction.

  学生们对视听教学非常感兴趣。

  16. attitude n. ['ætɪtjuːd] 态度

  attitude后常接towards/to,指“对于……的态度,看法”,如her attitude towards/to the question(她对这个问题的看法)。

  值得注意的是,因上面例子中的宾语是question,有时候可以用on代替to,如her attitude on the question。

  例句:She shows a very positive attitude to her work.

  她工作态度非常积极。

  17. community n. [kə'mjuːnɪtɪ]社区,社会

  例句:Everyone should invest some time in community service.

  每个人都应该花些时间在社区服务上。

  例句:The welfare of the community is the same as the welfare of its members.

  社会的福利就等于其成员的福利。

  18. commit vt. [kə'mɪt]犯(错误,罪行等),干(坏事等)

  commit oneself to doing something 使自己不得免于……

  例句:They committed outrages on innocent citizens.

  他们对无辜的市民犯下了暴行。

  19. comment n. /vt. ['kɒment]评论

  例句:He made no comments on our proposal.

  他对我们的建议没有作评论。

  例句:He commented that it was an excellent film.

  他评论这电影很精彩。

  20. distinguish vt. [dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃ] 区分,辨别

  词义辨析:distinguish, discern, discriminate

  distinguish: 普通用词,指辨别者的能力或实际观察到的区别,强调辨别所需的技巧。

  discern: 语义较笼统,着重精深与准确的观察力,不一定有能力辨别关系密切的各项事物。

  discriminate: 语气强,指从十分相似的事物中辨出差异,尤其把好坏区分开来。

  例句:Speeches distinguish human beings from animals.

  人类和动物的区别在于人会说话。

  21. distress n. [dɪ'stres] 痛苦,悲伤 vt. 使痛苦

  例句:I pray that you will have pity on my distress.

  求你可怜可怜我的不幸遭遇。

  例句:He couldn't distress her with his own terrible dilemma.

  他不能用自己糟糕的困境来折磨她。

  22. facility n. [pl.] [fə'sɪləti] 设备,设施;便利,方便

  例句:The college has excellent sporting facilities.

  这所学院有极好的体育设备。

  例句:Certainly geothermometry will be used with greater facility in sub-soil exploration and in detecting migrant fluids.

  可以肯定,地热测量法在地下勘探和测试运移流体方面更便于使用。

  23. faculty n.['fæk(ə)ltɪ] 能力,技能;系,学科,学院;全体教员

  例句:This boy has a faculty of making friends easily.

  这个男孩有交友的能力。

  例句:He is the dean of the Faculty of Medicine.

  他是医学院院长。

  例句:Both faculty and students oppose the measures.

  全体教师和学生都反对这种方法。

  24. mixture n. ['mɪkstʃə] 混合,混合物

  例句:You need a spoon to beat the mixture smooth.

  你需要用一把调羹来搅均混合液。

  例句:Air is a mixture, not a compound of gases.

  空气是气体的混合物,不是化合物。

  25. mood n. [muːd] 心情,情绪;语气

  the subjunctive mood 虚拟语气

  例句:I'm not in the mood to disagree with you.

  我没有心思跟你争论。

  26. moral a. ['mɒr(ə)l] 道德上的,有道德的

  例句:His behavior transgressed the moral rules of the social conduct.

  他的行为违背了社会行为的道德准则。

  27. prominent a.['prɒmɪnənt] 突出的

  例句:He is a prominent scholar in the field of linguistics.

  他是语言学领域的杰出学者。

  28. substance n. ['sʌbst(ə)ns]物质;实质

  例句:The emery is a hard metallic substance.

  金刚砂是非常坚硬的金属物质。

  例句:There is not anything of real substance in their book.

  他们的书中没有什么实质性的内容。

  29. substantial a. [səb'stænʃ(ə)l] 可观的;牢固的;实质的

  例句:Substantial profits accrue when sales take off.

  当销售额突飞猛进之后,可观的利润就开始自然累积。

  例句:Those workers have built many substantial buildings in the recent years.

  近几年那些工人建造了许多坚固的建筑。

  例句:The reforms have made substantial headway.

  改革取得了实质的进展。

  30. prompt vt. [prɒm(p)t] 促使 a. 敏捷的,及时的

  例句:Science and technology has prompted the rapid development of modern society.

  科学技术推动了现代社会的迅速发展。

  例句:Thank you for your prompt reply to our telegram.

  多谢您对我们电报的及时答复。

  31. vivid a.['vɪvɪd] 生动的

  词义辨析:vivid, lively, pictorial, picturesque

  vivid: 普通用词,侧重有强烈的实际感或逼真感,使人富于想象或留下深刻的印象

  lively: 普通用词,与vivid可通用

  pictorial: 强调产生或制造生动的效果

  picturesque: 既指景色、人物等犹如图画般美丽,又可指文艺作品的风格绚丽多彩,尤指一种原始粗犷的美

  例句:Dickens ‘novels are full of vivid characterization.

  狄更斯的小说中充满了栩栩如生的人物形象。

  32. vocabulary n. [və(ʊ)'kæbjʊlərɪ]词汇(量);词汇表

  例句: If your vocabulary is limited your chances of success are limited.

  如果你的词汇量不大,你成功的机会也就不多。

  33. venture n. ['ventʃə] 风险投资,风险项目v. 冒险;取于

  例句:The hi-tech industry attracts much venture capital.

  高科技产业吸引着许多风险投资。

  例句:Don't venture into the jungle without a guide.

  如果没有向导,就不要冒险到森林里去。

  34. version n. ['vɜːʃ(ə)n] 版本,译本;说法

  例句:The new version of this dictionary is not in use yet.

  这本字典的新版本还未通行。

  例句:The book was translated into many versions and sold all over the world.

  这本书被翻译成多种译文并行销全球。

  例句:The two newspapers gave different versions of what happened.

  两家报纸对发生的事说法不一。

  35. waist n. [weɪst] 腰,腰部

  例句:If the skirt is too big, we can take in the waist.

  要是裙子太大了,我们可以把腰部收紧一些。

  36. weld v. /n. [weld] 焊接

  例句:Weld abandoned tools onto the wheel.

  把废弃的工具焊接上车轮。

  例句:His job is to weld parts together.

  他的工作是焊接零件。

  37. yawn vi. [jɔːn]打哈欠

  例句:His long boring story made me yawn.

  他的冗长的故事听得我直打呵欠。

  38. yield vi.[jiːld] (to)屈服于;让出,放弃 n. 产量

  例句:We' ve already made it clear that we will not yield to pressure.

  我们已经表明我们不会屈服于压力。

  例句:Wheat yields doubled last year.

  去年小麦产量翻了一番。

  39. zone n. [zəʊn] 地区,区域

  例句:The Norwegians live in a comparatively cold zone.

  挪威人生活在比较寒冷的地区。

  40. strategy n. ['strætɪdʒɪ] 战略,策略

  例句:He is an expert in military strategy.

  他是军事战略专家。

  例句:The strategy was designed to wear down the enemy's resistance.

  这一策略旨在逐步削弱敌人的抵抗力。

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