2017年12月四级大纲新增词汇295个(四)

2021-10-12 23:55:56 · 作者:编辑部  
121 ethic [& 39;eθɪk]  n ①道德标准 ②(-s)伦理学,道德观  示例:  Its members are bound by a rigid code of

  121. ethic ['eθɪk]

  n.①道德标准 ②(-s)伦理学,道德观

  示例:

  Its members are bound by a rigid code of ethics which includes confidentiality. 它的成员受到包括保密在内的一套严格的伦理规范的约束。

  122. excel [ɪk'sel]

  vi.擅长 vt.(~yourself) 胜过平时

  示例:

  The firm excels at producing cheap transistor radios. 该公司以生产廉价晶体管收音机见长。

  123. expend [ɪk'spend]

  vt.花费,耗费

  示例:

  I have expended much time on the problem. 在这个问题上我花了很多时间。

  124. expertise [ˌekspɜː'tiːz]

  n.专门知识(或技能等),专长

  示例:

  There's a great deal of knowledge and expertise in it.这里头大有学问。

  125. eyebrow ['aɪbraʊ]

  n.眉毛

  示例:

  He raised a questioning eyebrow. 他探询地挑起了眉毛。

  126. federation [ˌfedə'reɪʃn]

  n.①联合会,联盟 ②联邦

  示例:

  The organization emerged from a federation of six national agencies. 该组织由6个全国性机构联合而成。

  127. fingerprint ['fɪŋɡəprɪnt]

  n.指纹 vt.取……指纹

  示例:

  They were photographed and had their fingerprints taken. 他们被拍了照,还被提取了指纹。

  128. fireplace ['faɪəpleɪs]

  n.[C]壁炉

  示例:

  There was a fire burning in the large fireplace. 大壁炉里火势正旺。

  129. flaw [flɔː]

  n.①缺点 ②缺陷

  示例:

  The only flaw in his character seems to be a short temper.他性格中的唯一缺点好像就是脾气急。

  130. footprint ['fʊtprɪnt]

  n.脚印

  示例:

  We followed the footprints of a deer in the snow. 我们追踪雪地里一头鹿的足迹。

  131. foremost ['fɔːməʊst]

  a.①最重要的 ②最前的

  示例:

  The premier occupies the foremost place in the world of politics. 首相是政界的首要人物。

  132. foresight ['fɔːsaɪt]

  n.先见之明,远见

  示例:

  The failure is the result of their lack of foresight.这次失败是由于他们缺乏深谋远虑而导致的。

  133. formulate ['fɔːmjʊleɪt]

  vt.①制定,规划 ②确切表达

  示例:

  The contract was formulated in difficult legal language.该合同是用深奥的法律术语订立的。

  134. forthcoming [ˌfɔːθ'kʌmɪŋ]

  a.①(事物)即将发生的 ②(需要时)现成的 ③(人)乐于提供消息的

  示例:

  The secretary at the reception was not very forthcoming.接待处的秘书不太主动相告。

  135. freshman ['freʃmən]

  n.(AmE)(大学)一年级学生

  示例:

  I am a college freshman. 我是一名大学新生。

  136. fright [fraɪt]

  n.①惊吓 ②恐怖的经历

  示例:

  An untrained horse had taken fright at the sound of gunfire. 一匹未经训练的马听到枪响受了惊。

  137. gadget ['ɡædʒɪt]

  n.小巧的机械(或工具),精巧装置

  示例:

  The gadget can be attached to any vertical surface. 这小玩意儿可以粘在任何垂直表面上。

  138. geology [dʒi'ɒlədʒi]

  n.地质学

  示例:

  He was visiting professor of geology at the University of Jordan. 他是约旦大学的地质学客座教授。

  139. gloom [ɡluːm]

  n.①昏暗,阴暗

  示例:

  Don't let defeat fill you with gloom.别让失败使你灰心丧气。

  140. gorgeous ['ɡɔːdʒəs]

  a.①令人愉快的 ②极其漂亮的

  示例:

  She has a reputation for brilliance. Also, she is gorgeous.她以才华出众而闻名。此外,她还非常漂亮。

  141. gossip ['gɒsɪp]

  n.①流言蜚语 ②爱说长道短的人

  示例:

  We spoke, debated, gossiped into the night.我们交谈着,争论着,闲聊着,一直持续到晚上。

  142. gravitation [ˌɡrævɪ'teʃn]

  n.引力

  示例:

  We owe to Newton the principle of gravitation. 万有引力原理的发现应归功于牛顿。

  143. grin [grɪn]

  vi./n.咧嘴笑

  示例:

  He grins, delighted at the memory. 想到往事,他开心地咧嘴笑了起来。

  144. guilt [gɪlt]

  n.①内疚,自责 ②罪过,罪行 ③责任

  示例:

  The guilt of the accused man was in doubt.被告的罪行有疑问。

  145. gut [gʌt]

  n.①消化道,肠道 ②(‐s)( pl. )(尤指动物的)内脏 ③(尤指大的)胃,肚子 ④(‐s)(pl.)勇气,胆量,决心 ⑤(常pl.)内心,直觉 ⑥(‐s)(pl.)核心,实质 vt.①损毁 ②取出……的内脏(以便烹饪) a.[作定语] 非理性的,本能的

  示例:

  It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing. 冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。

  146. habitat ['hæbɪtæt]

  n.(动植物的)生活环境,栖息地

  示例:

  The jungle is the natural habitat of wild animals and plants.丛林是野兽和植物的自然栖息地。

  147. halfway [ˌhɑ:f'weɪ]

  a./ad.中间(的),半途(的)

  示例:

  The car broke down on the halfway. 车在半路坏了。

  148. handicap ['hændɪkæp]

  vt.妨碍n.①障碍 ②残障

  示例:

  Not speaking the language is a real handicap. 不会讲这种语言的确是一个障碍。

  149. haunt [hɔːnt]

  vt.①缠绕,烦扰 ②(鬼魂)常出没于

  示例:

  He would always be haunted by that scene in the park. 他永远无法摆脱公园里的那一幕。

  150. haze [heɪz]

  n.薄雾,雾霾 vi.笼罩在薄雾中

  示例:

  The sun was surrounded by a golden haze.太阳被一片金色烟霞笼罩。

  151. heartfelt ['hɑːtfelt]

  a.衷心的,真诚的

  示例:

  Please accept my heartfelt thanks for your concern and generosity.请接受我对你的关怀和慷慨的由衷谢意。

  152. hectare ['hekteə]

  n.公顷

  示例:

  A hectare is equal to 10 000 square metres. 一公顷等于一万平方米。

  153. hereby [ˌhɪə'baɪ]

  ad.(用于法律文件等)以此,特此

  示例:

  Words of mouth being no guarantee, a written statement is hereby given. 空口无凭,立字为证。

  154. heritage ['herɪtɪdʒ]

  n.(文化)遗产,传统

  示例:

  The historic building is part of our cultural heritage.这座历史建筑是我们的文化遗产的一部分。

  155. hijack/highjack ['haɪdʒæk]

  vt.劫持(尤指飞机)[△“绑架”(人)用kidnap]

  示例:

  The plane was highjacked while on a flight to Delhi.该机在飞往德里的途中遭到劫持。

  156. homosexual [ˌhəʊmə'sekʃuəl]

  a.同性恋的

  示例:

  A fraud trial involving two homosexual lawyers was abandoned. 一桩涉及两名同性恋律师的欺诈案审判被撤销了。

  157. hospitable [hɒ'spɪtəbl]

  a.①(人)好客的,殷勤的 ②(作物生长条件)适宜的,舒适的

  示例:

  The locals are hospitable and welcoming. 当地人热情好客。

  158. hyphen ['haɪfən]

  n.连字符,连字号

  示例:

  The dash is longer than the hyphen. 破折号比连字符稍长点。

  159. immigrate ['ɪmɪgreɪt]

  vi.移居(入境)

  示例:

  They immigrated to the United States from Hong Kong.他们从香港移居美国。

  160. incentive [ɪn'sentɪv]

  n.刺激,鼓励,动机

  示例:

  Our bonus payments for improved productivity provide an incentive to work harder.提高生产率便给予额外奖励,这一做法鼓励了大家更加努力地工作。

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