2018年英语四级-选词填空详解

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　　2018年英语四级-选词填空详解

　　

　　Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 .Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze(霾).Nor is the state’s bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .

　　All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological 29 ,makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 .And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.

　　To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work” days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.

　　26. M)pollutants

　　【语法分析】根据空格前的the level of可知，of为介词，后面应该加名词，构成介词短语，同时与for构成原因状语。

　　【语义分析】根据开篇句中的“smog”雾霾可知，本文与环境有关。“pollutants”污染物，符合题意，“the level of pollutants”污染物等级，故选M。

　　27.N)restricted

　　【语法分析】Nor放在句首倒装，正常语序应为The state’s bad air is not to its south. 因此需考虑存在be to 结构的单词。符合的有intended和restricted。

　　【语义分析】be intended to打算、旨在，be restricted to局限于。根据语义可知，该州的空气污染并非局限于其南部地区，故选N。

　　28. C)consequence

　　【语法分析】根据空前的a 可知，冠词后应加单数可数名词，同时又能与as a构成搭配。符合的有consequence。

　　【语义分析】as a consequence“结果”，相当于as a result，固定搭配。致使居民的心脏和肺部受到感染，语义通顺，故选C。

　　29. J)innovation

　　【语法分析】根据空前的technological “科技的”可知，形容词后应加名词。

　　【语义分析】文中提到加利福尼亚有技术 之乡的美誉，符合语义的只有innovation创新，科技创新，故选J。

　　30. F)detail

　　【语法分析】根据空格前的in可知，介词后应加名词。

　　【语义分析】detail细节，in detail固定搭配，详细地。本句译为：使得这个地方十分适用于研发及检测污染全面监测系统，故选F

　　31. K)intended

　　【语法分析】be to，与前文一样，此处需要填入能与之搭配的单词。

　　【语义分析】此处只有intended符合，be intended to，打算、旨在。旨在生成实时地图……，故选K。

　　32. L)outdoor

　　【语法分析】根据空格前的of 可知，其后应加名词。air pollution名词词组，因此此处应为形容词，起修饰作用。符合的有domestic、outdoor。

　　【语义分析】下文讲到，这种监控站也会关注着建筑物内部的污染情况, 所以根据inside “在……里面”可知，此空应填outdoor，“户外的、室外的”，室外空气污染，故选L。

　　33. B)collaborating

　　【语法分析】根据空前的have been可知，此空应填入分词。Aclima前文提到是一家公司，应表示主动，所以此处应填现在分词。符合的有collaborating和creating。

　　【语义分析】collaborate with与……合作，creat创造，故选B。

　　34. I)inhabitants

　　【语法分析】由空前的city’s 可知，此处应填名词。符合的有consumers和inhabitants。

　　【语义分析】inhabitants居民，consumers消费者。城市居民只好使用汽车，inhabitants符合语境，故选I。

　　35. E)creating

　　【语法分析】根据空前的by可知，介词后应加名词或动名词。符合的只有creating。

　　【语义分析】creating pollution lows 降低污染

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